解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was compared with seroagglutination for subtyping of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria. Seventy-five significant MAC isolates from patients with AIDS were typed by both methods and 36 isolates, judged to be clinically non-significant, were examined by TLC only. Overall, 75% of ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051244
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::When Pst I-generated digests of genomic DNA from each of the type strains of 49 of the Vi phage types of Salmonella typhi were probed with a PCR-amplified IS200 gene probe, all strains were found to possess at least 11 IS200 elements carried on fragments in the range 24.2-1.2 kb. Fourteen fingerprints were identified ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057666
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental data suggest a role for the microflora in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Anti-ds-DNA antibodies may be pathogenic in SLE by forming immune complexes with DNA. Foreign bacteria in the intestines could constitute the stimulus for anti-ds-DNA antibody production in SLE. Colonization Resistance (CR) is t...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057770
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the joint association of patient and strain characteristics with the outcome of meningococcal disease (MD), data were collected on 563 consecutive cases of MD reported between 1989 and 1990 in The Netherlands. The meningococcal isolates were characterized with regard to their surface characteristics. Se...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057472
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sequence of 165 nucleotides at the 3' end of the 1D (VP1) gene of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus was determined for 44 type Asia 1 strains isolated from throughout Asia between 1954-92. Analysis of the relationships between the virus genomes showed epidemiological links not previously evident. The possible ori...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057587
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Salmonella enteritidis belonging to phage type 4 (SE4) were grown in the peritoneal cavities of chickens, and without subculture on laboratory media examined for inducible in vivo phenotypic characteristics. These bacteria expressed three major outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of 33, 35 and 36 kilodaltons (kD...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057174
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological evidence suggests that monoclonal antibody type 2 positive (MAB 2+) Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (LP1) more often causes disease than do MAB 2- isolates, and there is evidence that MAB 2- LP1 grow less well in cells than do MAB 2+ bacteria. We tested the intracellular growth rates of ten randomly...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880005723x
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is the first to describe characterization of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against a South African Territories 2 (SAT 2) foot-and-mouth disease virus (isolate Rho 1/48). Twelve MAbs which neutralized homologous virus were characterized in indirect and sandwich ELISA using purified Rho 1/48 virus particles, s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057083
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between January and March 1992, 361 faecal specimens were collected from the healthy black population in the Transvaal Province of South Africa. Each specimen was examined for the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in commensal bacteria. Volunteers, from both rural and urban dwellings, were divided into four age g...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800056922
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the morbidity associated with respiratory virus infections in patients with well-documented chest disease, and the risk of transmission between close contacts. Patients informed the study team if they were exposed to a family member or colleague with a cold. Patients and symptomatic index cases...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057046
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rates of acquisition and mean duration of nasal carriage of different serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae have been estimated by fitting a stochastic model to longitudinal carriage data in children from Papua New Guinea. Immunogenicity and two indices of relative invasiveness were determined for each serotype. Immun...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800056648
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The patterns of disease caused by five common viruses which infect the respiratory tract are described. The viruses were strains of rhinovirus types 2, 9, and 14, a strain of coronavirus type 229E and of respiratory syncytial virus. Volunteers were given nasal drops containing a low infectious dose of one of the virus...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800056764
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in enteric flora in 64 children in rural Bangladesh over a 12-month period. The antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates varied throughout the year and multiple resistance was highest during the post monsoon period. Seventy-th...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050871
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella typhimurium is the most frequently identified serovar of Salmonella in Italy. This serovar is characterized by the widespread dissemination among human and non-human sources of phenotypically and genetically well-differentiated clones. In this study 457 strains of S. typhimurium isolated in Italy in the yea...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050974
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serological tests are very frequently used in epidemiological surveys of leishmaniasis and other parasitoses. Their sensitivity and specificity are generally defined with respect to parasitism and disease, rather than infection. The reason is that known positives are those individuals most likely to yield parasites, o...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051074
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seasonality of canine births was investigated using records from the Kennel Club and the breeding centre for the Guide Dogs for the Blind Association. In these populations a distinct seasonal pattern was found with a greater number of puppies being born in the summer months than the winter. The hypothesis that the...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800068199
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excessive weight loss due to protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) is a significant problem in Nigerian children. This syndrome may be difficult to differentiate from the wasting disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We studied 70 children admitted to the Baptist Medical Center in Ogbom...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880006831x
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective analysis of levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in 1419 health care workers was carried out to compare the efficacy of intramuscular and intradermal administration of plasma derived and recombinant hepatitis B vaccines. No significant difference was detected between the response to intrad...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050792
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation become immunocompromised for various reasons. Deep granulocytopenia, induced by conditioning (chemotherapy and total body irradiation), renders the patient at risk for serious bacterial and fungal infections. Our strategy for prevention of these infections by selective d...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050342
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 598 isolates of Shigella species (24 S. dysenteriae, 254 S. flexneri, 30 S. boydii, 290 S. sonnei) submitted to the Ontario Public Health Laboratories in 1990 were tested for their susceptibility to 14 antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. Overall 79.6% of isolates were resistant to one or more ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050457
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an incomplete study in 1965 microscopic haematuria in the second or third week after acute pharyngitis was found four times more often in patients with either microbiological or clinical evidence of dual infection with both group A streptococci and a virus than in patients with evidence only of infection with group...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050159
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genetic relationships between various serotypes and serogroups of meningococcal strains were investigated by restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using a number of random DNA probes and a probe containing a truncated copy of the meningococcal insertion sequence IS1106. The data were used to est...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050184
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During an outbreak of hepatitis A that occurred in Gloucester, UK between September 1989 and January 1991, 162 clinical cases were identified through notifications and laboratory reports, a monthly attack rate of 1.05 per 10,000 residents. The highest attack rate was seen in 5-14-year-olds. There were significant corr...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virus surveillance of Northern Ireland recreational waters, between April 1986 and May 1989 demonstrated widespread enteroviral contamination of coastal and inland waters. In 1986, enteroviruses were detected in 4 of 46 (8.7%) water samples, collected from 6 coastal bathing waters. In 1987, 49 of 107 (45.8%) samples, ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800050020
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty strains of V. vulnificus isolated from the environment were investigated for characteristics related to their infectivity such as colonial morphology, enzymatic activity and animal assays. The presence of DNase, chitinase, amylase, lecithinase and gelatinase was observed in 100% of the strains, haemolytic activ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049979
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A discrimination index was applied to assess the value of biotyping and resistotyping, used alone or together, for the subspecific discrimination of Escherichia coli. The index was high when 599 strains from a wide variety of sources were examined by full biotyping with 10 tests. Although the discrimination achieved w...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880004975x
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight strains of influenza C virus isolated in various areas of Japan between January 1985 and January 1989 were compared using monoclonal antibodies to the haemagglutinin-esterase (HE) glycoproteins and by oligonucleotide mapping of total vRNA. Five of six strains isolated during 1986-9 were closely related to one an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049827
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide of 40 nucleotides corresponding to nucleotides 33-72 of the gene coding for the viral protein VP7 of rotavirus, was used as a nucleic acid probe to develop a non-radioactive hybridization method for rotavirus detection. The probe was labelled at the 3' end with biotin-7-dATP. The sensi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049621
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eradication of poliomyelitis most likely will occur. In fact, it is almost gone from the Western Hemisphere. Health workers in Sweden, Finland, and the Netherlands routinely vaccinate almost all children with the inactivated poliovaccines (IPV). Despite good vaccination coverage, polio can still occur. For example...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049451
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 12-month survey on the incidence of campylobacter infection in 1217 patients with diarrhoea was carried out in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Campylobacters were isolated from 55 (4.5%) patients, second in prevalence to salmonellas (6.2%). Shigellas were isolated from 4.2% of patients. Campylobacter isolation rates were high...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049499
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A matched and serologically confirmed case-control study was carried out to investigate the source of an outbreak of acute hepatitis involving 290,000 cases in the suburbs of Shanghai, in January 1988. A total of 132 patients with acute hepatitis from six different hospitals were chosen as cases and the same number of...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049347
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of cryptosporidiosis occurred in the Isle of Thanet during December 1990 and January 1991. A total of 47 cases ranging in age from 2 months to 85 years were identified in residents from the Margate, Broadstairs and Ramsgate areas, with dates of onset of illness from 3 December to 14 January. A case-control...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049207
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colonization resistance (CR) of the digestive tract was determined in 10 healthy volunteers by oral contamination with a neomycin resistant Escherichia coli (NR-E. coli) strain and measurement of the faecal concentration of this strain during 14 days after the contamination. This 'gold standard' was compared with ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049311
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a nucleic acid dot-blot hybridization test for the detection of astroviruses in stool samples. The test was not as sensitive as electron microscopy for the detection of low numbers of well preserved astrovirus particles, but was able to identify astroviruses in stools containing particles of indistin...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049049
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The morphology of faecal microflora of nine healthy human volunteers was studied by digital image analysis of microscopic slides. Weekly specimens were collected during an 8-week period. Seven morphometrical parameters were derived: the means and medians of components 1, 2 and 3, and morphometrical entropy. Statistica...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049025
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fourteen people living in or near the city of Gloucester fell ill with Legionnaires' disease caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup (SG) 1 between 27 August and 27 October 1986. Another patient had fallen ill on 30 May. Nine of the 15 were diagnosed retrospectively during a case finding exercise. There were three ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800048767
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes from vaginal swabs of children with vulvovaginitis received at Nottingham Public Health Laboratory during 1986-9 were studied. A total of 159 isolates was made during the 4 years, increasing from 17 in 1986 to 64 in 1989 and accounting for 11% of all vaginal swabs received from child...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800067509
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Esterase electrophoretic typing and restriction fragment length polymorphism of ribosomal DNA regions (ribotyping) were used to differentiate 102 Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates obtained from chronic lung infection in 23 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and two reference strains (including the type strain A...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800067595
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The isolation of Fusobacterium necrophorum present in small numbers in heavily contaminated material such as faeces or soil is hampered by the lack of an efficient selective medium and by the high minimum infective dose of the organism. A sensitive method for the detection and isolation of faecal strains of F. necroph...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800048469
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 2210 salmonella isolates referred to the New Zealand Communicable Disease Centre for epidemiological surveillance during 1987, 147 (6.7%) were resistant to one or more of 10 antibiotics. Resistance to streptomycin was most common (4.5%), followed by sulphamethoxazole (3.4%), tetracycline (3.3%), ampicillin (1.5%), ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800056405
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00